In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

btrfs: do not clean up repair bio if submit fails

The submit helper will always run bio_endio() on the bio if it fails to
submit, so cleaning up the bio just leads to a variety of use-after-free
and NULL pointer dereference bugs because we race with the endio
function that is cleaning up the bio.  Instead just return BLK_STS_OK as
the repair function has to continue to process the rest of the pages,
and the endio for the repair bio will do the appropriate cleanup for the
page that it was given.

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8cbc3001a3264d998d6b6db3e23f935c158abd4d

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d1cb11fb45ebbb1e7dfe5e9038b32ea72c184b14

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e76c78c48902dae6fa612749f59162bca0a79e0b