In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net/sched: fix netdevice reference leaks in attach_default_qdiscs()

In attach_default_qdiscs(), if a dev has multiple queues and queue 0 fails
to attach qdisc because there is no memory in attach_one_default_qdisc().
Then dev->qdisc will be noop_qdisc by default. But the other queues may be
able to successfully attach to default qdisc.

In this case, the fallback to noqueue process will be triggered. If the
original attached qdisc is not released and a new one is directly
attached, this will cause netdevice reference leaks.

The following is the bug log:

veth0: default qdisc (fq_codel) fail, fallback to noqueue
unregister_netdevice: waiting for veth0 to become free. Usage count = 32
leaked reference.
 qdisc_alloc+0x12e/0x210
 qdisc_create_dflt+0x62/0x140
 attach_one_default_qdisc.constprop.41+0x44/0x70
 dev_activate+0x128/0x290
 __dev_open+0x12a/0x190
 __dev_change_flags+0x1a2/0x1f0
 dev_change_flags+0x23/0x60
 do_setlink+0x332/0x1150
 __rtnl_newlink+0x52f/0x8e0
 rtnl_newlink+0x43/0x70
 rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x140/0x3b0
 netlink_rcv_skb+0x50/0x100
 netlink_unicast+0x1bb/0x290
 netlink_sendmsg+0x37c/0x4e0
 sock_sendmsg+0x5f/0x70
 ____sys_sendmsg+0x208/0x280

Fix this bug by clearing any non-noop qdiscs that may have been assigned
before trying to re-attach.

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0c6c522857151ac00150fd01baeebf231fb7d142

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/44dfa645895a56f65461249deb5b81cd16560e2a

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a420d587260185407eda9c5766cfa9bdd5c39a56

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f612466ebecb12a00d9152344ddda6f6345f04dc