In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ceph: prevent use-after-free in encode_cap_msg()

In fs/ceph/caps.c, in encode_cap_msg(), "use after free" error was
caught by KASAN at this line - 'ceph_buffer_get(arg->xattr_buf);'. This
implies before the refcount could be increment here, it was freed.

In same file, in "handle_cap_grant()" refcount is decremented by this
line - 'ceph_buffer_put(ci->i_xattrs.blob);'. It appears that a race
occurred and resource was freed by the latter line before the former
line could increment it.

encode_cap_msg() is called by __send_cap() and __send_cap() is called by
ceph_check_caps() after calling __prep_cap(). __prep_cap() is where
arg->xattr_buf is assigned to ci->i_xattrs.blob. This is the spot where
the refcount must be increased to prevent "use after free" error.

kernel.org https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/70e329b440762390258a6fe8c0de93c9fdd56c77 [No types assigned]

kernel.org https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7958c1bf5b03c6f1f58e724dbdec93f8f60b96fc [No types assigned]

kernel.org https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8180d0c27b93a6eb60da1b08ea079e3926328214 [No types assigned]

kernel.org https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ae20db45e482303a20e56f2db667a9d9c54ac7e7 [No types assigned]

kernel.org https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cda4672da1c26835dcbd7aec2bfed954eda9b5ef [No types assigned]

kernel.org https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f3f98d7d84b31828004545e29fd7262b9f444139 [No types assigned]