In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

btrfs: release path before iget_failed() in btrfs_read_locked_inode()

In btrfs_read_locked_inode() if we fail to lookup the inode, we jump to
the 'out' label with a path that has a read locked leaf and then we call
iget_failed(). This can result in a ABBA deadlock, since iget_failed()
triggers inode eviction and that causes the release of the delayed inode,
which must lock the delayed inode's mutex, and a task updating a delayed
inode starts by taking the node's mutex and then modifying the inode's
subvolume btree.

Syzbot reported the following lockdep splat for this:

   ======================================================
   WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
   syzkaller #0 Not tainted
   ------------------------------------------------------
   btrfs-cleaner/8725 is trying to acquire lock:
   ffff0000d6826a48 (&delayed_node->mutex){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: __btrfs_release_delayed_node+0xa0/0x9b0 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:290

   but task is already holding lock:
   ffff0000dbeba878 (btrfs-tree-00){++++}-{4:4}, at: btrfs_tree_read_lock_nested+0x44/0x2ec fs/btrfs/locking.c:145

   which lock already depends on the new lock.

   the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is:

   -> #1 (btrfs-tree-00){++++}-{4:4}:
          __lock_release kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5574 [inline]
          lock_release+0x198/0x39c kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5889
          up_read+0x24/0x3c kernel/locking/rwsem.c:1632
          btrfs_tree_read_unlock+0xdc/0x298 fs/btrfs/locking.c:169
          btrfs_tree_unlock_rw fs/btrfs/locking.h:218 [inline]
          btrfs_search_slot+0xa6c/0x223c fs/btrfs/ctree.c:2133
          btrfs_lookup_inode+0xd8/0x38c fs/btrfs/inode-item.c:395
          __btrfs_update_delayed_inode+0x124/0xed0 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:1032
          btrfs_update_delayed_inode fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:1118 [inline]
          __btrfs_commit_inode_delayed_items+0x15f8/0x1748 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:1141
          __btrfs_run_delayed_items+0x1ac/0x514 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:1176
          btrfs_run_delayed_items_nr+0x28/0x38 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:1219
          flush_space+0x26c/0xb68 fs/btrfs/space-info.c:828
          do_async_reclaim_metadata_space+0x110/0x364 fs/btrfs/space-info.c:1158
          btrfs_async_reclaim_metadata_space+0x90/0xd8 fs/btrfs/space-info.c:1226
          process_one_work+0x7e8/0x155c kernel/workqueue.c:3263
          process_scheduled_works kernel/workqueue.c:3346 [inline]
          worker_thread+0x958/0xed8 kernel/workqueue.c:3427
          kthread+0x5fc/0x75c kernel/kthread.c:463
          ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 arch/arm64/kernel/entry.S:844

   -> #0 (&delayed_node->mutex){+.+.}-{4:4}:
          check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3165 [inline]
          check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3284 [inline]
          validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3908 [inline]
          __lock_acquire+0x1774/0x30a4 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5237
          lock_acquire+0x14c/0x2e0 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5868
          __mutex_lock_common+0x1d0/0x2678 kernel/locking/mutex.c:598
          __mutex_lock kernel/locking/mutex.c:760 [inline]
          mutex_lock_nested+0x2c/0x38 kernel/locking/mutex.c:812
          __btrfs_release_delayed_node+0xa0/0x9b0 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:290
          btrfs_release_delayed_node fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:315 [inline]
          btrfs_remove_delayed_node+0x68/0x84 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:1326
          btrfs_evict_inode+0x578/0xe28 fs/btrfs/inode.c:5587
          evict+0x414/0x928 fs/inode.c:810
          iput_final fs/inode.c:1914 [inline]
          iput+0x95c/0xad4 fs/inode.c:1966
          iget_failed+0xec/0x134 fs/bad_inode.c:248
          btrfs_read_locked_inode+0xe1c/0x1234 fs/btrfs/inode.c:4101
          btrfs_iget+0x1b0/0x264 fs/btrfs/inode.c:5837
          btrfs_run_defrag_inode fs/btrfs/defrag.c:237 [inline]
          btrfs_run_defrag_inodes+0x520/0xdc4 fs/btrf
---truncated---

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1e1f2055ad5a7a5d548789b334a4473a7665c418

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/65241e3ddda60b53a4ee3ae12721fc9ee21d5827