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National Vulnerability Database

National Vulnerability Database

NVD

National Vulnerability Database
  1. Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-25291 Detail

Description

ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.


Metrics

 
NVD enrichment efforts reference publicly available information to associate vector strings. CVSS information contributed by other sources is also displayed.
CVSS 4.0 Severity and Vector Strings:

NIST CVSS score
NIST: NVD
N/A
NVD assessment not yet provided.

Nist CVSS score does not match with CNA score
CNA:  GitHub, Inc.
CVSS-B 9.3 CRITICAL
Vector:  CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

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URL Source(s) Tag(s)
https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released GitHub, Inc. Patch 
https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials GitHub, Inc. Exploit  Third Party Advisory 
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9 GitHub, Inc. Patch 
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97 GitHub, Inc. Patch 
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4 GitHub, Inc. Release Notes 
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.18.0 GitHub, Inc. Release Notes 
https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-4vc4-m8qh-g8jm GitHub, Inc. Vendor Advisory 
https://github.com/omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-hw46-3hmr-x9xv GitHub, Inc. Vendor Advisory 
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43374519 CVE Issue Tracking 
https://portswigger.net/research/saml-roulette-the-hacker-always-wins GitHub, Inc. Exploit  Third Party Advisory 
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250314-0010/ CVE Third Party Advisory 

Weakness Enumeration

CWE-ID CWE Name Source
CWE-347 Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature GitHub, Inc.  
CWE-436 Interpretation Conflict GitHub, Inc.  

Known Affected Software Configurations Switch to CPE 2.2

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Change History

6 change records found show changes

Quick Info

CVE Dictionary Entry:
CVE-2025-25291
NVD Published Date:
03/12/2025
NVD Last Modified:
08/01/2025
Source:
GitHub, Inc.