In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: do not delay dst_entries_add() in dst_release() dst_entries_add() uses per-cpu data that might be freed at netns dismantle from ip6_route_net_exit() calling dst_entries_destroy() Before ip6_route_net_exit() can be called, we release all the dsts associated with this netns, via calls to dst_release(), which waits an rcu grace period before calling dst_destroy() dst_entries_add() use in dst_destroy() is racy, because dst_entries_destroy() could have been called already. Decrementing the number of dsts must happen sooner. Notes: 1) in CONFIG_XFRM case, dst_destroy() can call dst_release_immediate(child), this might also cause UAF if the child does not have DST_NOCOUNT set. IPSEC maintainers might take a look and see how to address this. 2) There is also discussion about removing this count of dst, which might happen in future kernels.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ppp: fix ppp_async_encode() illegal access syzbot reported an issue in ppp_async_encode() [1] In this case, pppoe_sendmsg() is called with a zero size. Then ppp_async_encode() is called with an empty skb. BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in ppp_async_encode drivers/net/ppp/ppp_async.c:545 [inline] BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in ppp_async_push+0xb4f/0x2660 drivers/net/ppp/ppp_async.c:675 ppp_async_encode drivers/net/ppp/ppp_async.c:545 [inline] ppp_async_push+0xb4f/0x2660 drivers/net/ppp/ppp_async.c:675 ppp_async_send+0x130/0x1b0 drivers/net/ppp/ppp_async.c:634 ppp_channel_bridge_input drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2280 [inline] ppp_input+0x1f1/0xe60 drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2304 pppoe_rcv_core+0x1d3/0x720 drivers/net/ppp/pppoe.c:379 sk_backlog_rcv+0x13b/0x420 include/net/sock.h:1113 __release_sock+0x1da/0x330 net/core/sock.c:3072 release_sock+0x6b/0x250 net/core/sock.c:3626 pppoe_sendmsg+0x2b8/0xb90 drivers/net/ppp/pppoe.c:903 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:729 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x30f/0x380 net/socket.c:744 ____sys_sendmsg+0x903/0xb60 net/socket.c:2602 ___sys_sendmsg+0x28d/0x3c0 net/socket.c:2656 __sys_sendmmsg+0x3c1/0x960 net/socket.c:2742 __do_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2771 [inline] __se_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2768 [inline] __x64_sys_sendmmsg+0xbc/0x120 net/socket.c:2768 x64_sys_call+0xb6e/0x3ba0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:308 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x1e0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Uninit was created at: slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slub.c:4092 [inline] slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:4135 [inline] kmem_cache_alloc_node_noprof+0x6bf/0xb80 mm/slub.c:4187 kmalloc_reserve+0x13d/0x4a0 net/core/skbuff.c:587 __alloc_skb+0x363/0x7b0 net/core/skbuff.c:678 alloc_skb include/linux/skbuff.h:1322 [inline] sock_wmalloc+0xfe/0x1a0 net/core/sock.c:2732 pppoe_sendmsg+0x3a7/0xb90 drivers/net/ppp/pppoe.c:867 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:729 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x30f/0x380 net/socket.c:744 ____sys_sendmsg+0x903/0xb60 net/socket.c:2602 ___sys_sendmsg+0x28d/0x3c0 net/socket.c:2656 __sys_sendmmsg+0x3c1/0x960 net/socket.c:2742 __do_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2771 [inline] __se_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2768 [inline] __x64_sys_sendmmsg+0xbc/0x120 net/socket.c:2768 x64_sys_call+0xb6e/0x3ba0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:308 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x1e0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 5411 Comm: syz.1.14 Not tainted 6.12.0-rc1-syzkaller-00165-g360c1f1f24c6 #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: slip: make slhc_remember() more robust against malicious packets syzbot found that slhc_remember() was missing checks against malicious packets [1]. slhc_remember() only checked the size of the packet was at least 20, which is not good enough. We need to make sure the packet includes the IPv4 and TCP header that are supposed to be carried. Add iph and th pointers to make the code more readable. [1] BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in slhc_remember+0x2e8/0x7b0 drivers/net/slip/slhc.c:666 slhc_remember+0x2e8/0x7b0 drivers/net/slip/slhc.c:666 ppp_receive_nonmp_frame+0xe45/0x35e0 drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2455 ppp_receive_frame drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2372 [inline] ppp_do_recv+0x65f/0x40d0 drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2212 ppp_input+0x7dc/0xe60 drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2327 pppoe_rcv_core+0x1d3/0x720 drivers/net/ppp/pppoe.c:379 sk_backlog_rcv+0x13b/0x420 include/net/sock.h:1113 __release_sock+0x1da/0x330 net/core/sock.c:3072 release_sock+0x6b/0x250 net/core/sock.c:3626 pppoe_sendmsg+0x2b8/0xb90 drivers/net/ppp/pppoe.c:903 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:729 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x30f/0x380 net/socket.c:744 ____sys_sendmsg+0x903/0xb60 net/socket.c:2602 ___sys_sendmsg+0x28d/0x3c0 net/socket.c:2656 __sys_sendmmsg+0x3c1/0x960 net/socket.c:2742 __do_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2771 [inline] __se_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2768 [inline] __x64_sys_sendmmsg+0xbc/0x120 net/socket.c:2768 x64_sys_call+0xb6e/0x3ba0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:308 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x1e0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Uninit was created at: slab_post_alloc_hook mm/slub.c:4091 [inline] slab_alloc_node mm/slub.c:4134 [inline] kmem_cache_alloc_node_noprof+0x6bf/0xb80 mm/slub.c:4186 kmalloc_reserve+0x13d/0x4a0 net/core/skbuff.c:587 __alloc_skb+0x363/0x7b0 net/core/skbuff.c:678 alloc_skb include/linux/skbuff.h:1322 [inline] sock_wmalloc+0xfe/0x1a0 net/core/sock.c:2732 pppoe_sendmsg+0x3a7/0xb90 drivers/net/ppp/pppoe.c:867 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:729 [inline] __sock_sendmsg+0x30f/0x380 net/socket.c:744 ____sys_sendmsg+0x903/0xb60 net/socket.c:2602 ___sys_sendmsg+0x28d/0x3c0 net/socket.c:2656 __sys_sendmmsg+0x3c1/0x960 net/socket.c:2742 __do_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2771 [inline] __se_sys_sendmmsg net/socket.c:2768 [inline] __x64_sys_sendmmsg+0xbc/0x120 net/socket.c:2768 x64_sys_call+0xb6e/0x3ba0 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:308 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x1e0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5460 Comm: syz.2.33 Not tainted 6.12.0-rc2-syzkaller-00006-g87d6aab2389e #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: Fix an unsafe loop on the list The kernel may crash when deleting a genetlink family if there are still listeners for that family: Oops: Kernel access of bad area, sig: 11 [#1] ... NIP [c000000000c080bc] netlink_update_socket_mc+0x3c/0xc0 LR [c000000000c0f764] __netlink_clear_multicast_users+0x74/0xc0 Call Trace: __netlink_clear_multicast_users+0x74/0xc0 genl_unregister_family+0xd4/0x2d0 Change the unsafe loop on the list to a safe one, because inside the loop there is an element removal from this list.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ixgbevf: Fix resource leak in ixgbevf_init_module() ixgbevf_init_module() won't destroy the workqueue created by create_singlethread_workqueue() when pci_register_driver() failed. Add destroy_workqueue() in fail path to prevent the resource leak. Similar to the handling of u132_hcd_init in commit f276e002793c ("usb: u132-hcd: fix resource leak")

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iavf: Fix error handling in iavf_init_module() The iavf_init_module() won't destroy workqueue when pci_register_driver() failed. Call destroy_workqueue() when pci_register_driver() failed to prevent the resource leak. Similar to the handling of u132_hcd_init in commit f276e002793c ("usb: u132-hcd: fix resource leak")

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: e100: Fix possible use after free in e100_xmit_prepare In e100_xmit_prepare(), if we can't map the skb, then return -ENOMEM, so e100_xmit_frame() will return NETDEV_TX_BUSY and the upper layer will resend the skb. But the skb is already freed, which will cause UAF bug when the upper layer resends the skb. Remove the harmful free.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/vt-d: Fix PCI device refcount leak in has_external_pci() for_each_pci_dev() is implemented by pci_get_device(). The comment of pci_get_device() says that it will increase the reference count for the returned pci_dev and also decrease the reference count for the input pci_dev @from if it is not NULL. If we break for_each_pci_dev() loop with pdev not NULL, we need to call pci_dev_put() to decrease the reference count. Add the missing pci_dev_put() before 'return true' to avoid reference count leak.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu: fix use-after-free during gpu recovery [Why] [ 754.862560] refcount_t: underflow; use-after-free. [ 754.862898] Call Trace: [ 754.862903] <TASK> [ 754.862913] amdgpu_job_free_cb+0xc2/0xe1 [amdgpu] [ 754.863543] drm_sched_main.cold+0x34/0x39 [amd_sched] [How] The fw_fence may be not init, check whether dma_fence_init is performed before job free

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: Fix crash when replugging CSR fake controllers It seems fake CSR 5.0 clones can cause the suspend notifier to be registered twice causing the following kernel panic: [ 71.986122] Call Trace: [ 71.986124] <TASK> [ 71.986125] blocking_notifier_chain_register+0x33/0x60 [ 71.986130] hci_register_dev+0x316/0x3d0 [bluetooth 99b5497ea3d09708fa1366c1dc03288bf3cca8da] [ 71.986154] btusb_probe+0x979/0xd85 [btusb e1e0605a4f4c01984a4b9c8ac58c3666ae287477] [ 71.986159] ? __pm_runtime_set_status+0x1a9/0x300 [ 71.986162] ? ktime_get_mono_fast_ns+0x3e/0x90 [ 71.986167] usb_probe_interface+0xe3/0x2b0 [ 71.986171] really_probe+0xdb/0x380 [ 71.986174] ? pm_runtime_barrier+0x54/0x90 [ 71.986177] __driver_probe_device+0x78/0x170 [ 71.986180] driver_probe_device+0x1f/0x90 [ 71.986183] __device_attach_driver+0x89/0x110 [ 71.986186] ? driver_allows_async_probing+0x70/0x70 [ 71.986189] bus_for_each_drv+0x8c/0xe0 [ 71.986192] __device_attach+0xb2/0x1e0 [ 71.986195] bus_probe_device+0x92/0xb0 [ 71.986198] device_add+0x422/0x9a0 [ 71.986201] ? sysfs_merge_group+0xd4/0x110 [ 71.986205] usb_set_configuration+0x57a/0x820 [ 71.986208] usb_generic_driver_probe+0x4f/0x70 [ 71.986211] usb_probe_device+0x3a/0x110 [ 71.986213] really_probe+0xdb/0x380 [ 71.986216] ? pm_runtime_barrier+0x54/0x90 [ 71.986219] __driver_probe_device+0x78/0x170 [ 71.986221] driver_probe_device+0x1f/0x90 [ 71.986224] __device_attach_driver+0x89/0x110 [ 71.986227] ? driver_allows_async_probing+0x70/0x70 [ 71.986230] bus_for_each_drv+0x8c/0xe0 [ 71.986232] __device_attach+0xb2/0x1e0 [ 71.986235] bus_probe_device+0x92/0xb0 [ 71.986237] device_add+0x422/0x9a0 [ 71.986239] ? _dev_info+0x7d/0x98 [ 71.986242] ? blake2s_update+0x4c/0xc0 [ 71.986246] usb_new_device.cold+0x148/0x36d [ 71.986250] hub_event+0xa8a/0x1910 [ 71.986255] process_one_work+0x1c4/0x380 [ 71.986259] worker_thread+0x51/0x390 [ 71.986262] ? rescuer_thread+0x3b0/0x3b0 [ 71.986264] kthread+0xdb/0x110 [ 71.986266] ? kthread_complete_and_exit+0x20/0x20 [ 71.986268] ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 [ 71.986273] </TASK> [ 71.986274] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [ 71.986284] btusb: probe of 2-1.6:1.0 failed with error -17

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amd/display: fix array index out of bound error in DCN32 DML [Why&How] LinkCapacitySupport array is indexed with the number of voltage states and not the number of max DPPs. Fix the error by changing the array declaration to use the correct (larger) array size of total number of voltage states.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpiolib: fix memory leak in gpiochip_setup_dev() Here is a backtrace report about memory leak detected in gpiochip_setup_dev(): unreferenced object 0xffff88810b406400 (size 512): comm "python3", pid 1682, jiffies 4295346908 (age 24.090s) backtrace: kmalloc_trace device_add device_private_init at drivers/base/core.c:3361 (inlined by) device_add at drivers/base/core.c:3411 cdev_device_add gpiolib_cdev_register gpiochip_setup_dev gpiochip_add_data_with_key gcdev_register() & gcdev_unregister() would call device_add() & device_del() (no matter CONFIG_GPIO_CDEV is enabled or not) to register/unregister device. However, if device_add() succeeds, some resource (like struct device_private allocated by device_private_init()) is not released by device_del(). Therefore, after device_add() succeeds by gcdev_register(), it needs to call put_device() to release resource in the error handle path. Here we move forward the register of release function, and let it release every piece of resource by put_device() instead of kfree(). While at it, fix another subtle issue, i.e. when gc->ngpio is equal to 0, we still call kcalloc() and, in case of further error, kfree() on the ZERO_PTR pointer, which is not NULL. It's not a bug per se, but rather waste of the resources and potentially wrong expectation about contents of the gdev->descs variable.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: mdio: fix unbalanced fwnode reference count in mdio_device_release() There is warning report about of_node refcount leak while probing mdio device: OF: ERROR: memory leak, expected refcount 1 instead of 2, of_node_get()/of_node_put() unbalanced - destroy cset entry: attach overlay node /spi/soc@0/mdio@710700c0/ethernet@4 In of_mdiobus_register_device(), we increase fwnode refcount by fwnode_handle_get() before associating the of_node with mdio device, but it has never been decreased in normal path. Since that, in mdio_device_release(), it needs to call fwnode_handle_put() in addition instead of calling kfree() directly. After above, just calling mdio_device_free() in the error handle path of of_mdiobus_register_device() is enough to keep the refcount balanced.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rtc: cmos: Fix event handler registration ordering issue Because acpi_install_fixed_event_handler() enables the event automatically on success, it is incorrect to call it before the handler routine passed to it is ready to handle events. Unfortunately, the rtc-cmos driver does exactly the incorrect thing by calling cmos_wake_setup(), which passes rtc_handler() to acpi_install_fixed_event_handler(), before cmos_do_probe(), because rtc_handler() uses dev_get_drvdata() to get to the cmos object pointer and the driver data pointer is only populated in cmos_do_probe(). This leads to a NULL pointer dereference in rtc_handler() on boot if the RTC fixed event happens to be active at the init time. To address this issue, change the initialization ordering of the driver so that cmos_wake_setup() is always called after a successful cmos_do_probe() call. While at it, change cmos_pnp_probe() to call cmos_do_probe() after the initial if () statement used for computing the IRQ argument to be passed to cmos_do_probe() which is cleaner than calling it in each branch of that if () (local variable "irq" can be of type int, because it is passed to that function as an argument of type int). Note that commit 6492fed7d8c9 ("rtc: rtc-cmos: Do not check ACPI_FADT_LOW_POWER_S0") caused this issue to affect a larger number of systems, because previously it only affected systems with ACPI_FADT_LOW_POWER_S0 set, but it is present regardless of that commit.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI: mt7621: Add sentinel to quirks table Current driver is missing a sentinel in the struct soc_device_attribute array, which causes an oops when assessed by the soc_device_match(mt7621_pcie_quirks_match) call. This was only exposed once the CONFIG_SOC_MT7621 mt7621 soc_dev_attr was fixed to register the SOC as a device, in: commit 7c18b64bba3b ("mips: ralink: mt7621: do not use kzalloc too early") Fix it by adding the required sentinel.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: perf: Fix perf_pending_task() UaF Per syzbot it is possible for perf_pending_task() to run after the event is free()'d. There are two related but distinct cases: - the task_work was already queued before destroying the event; - destroying the event itself queues the task_work. The first cannot be solved using task_work_cancel() since perf_release() itself might be called from a task_work (____fput), which means the current->task_works list is already empty and task_work_cancel() won't be able to find the perf_pending_task() entry. The simplest alternative is extending the perf_event lifetime to cover the task_work. The second is just silly, queueing a task_work while you know the event is going away makes no sense and is easily avoided by re-arranging how the event is marked STATE_DEAD and ensuring it goes through STATE_OFF on the way down.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: napi: Prevent overflow of napi_defer_hard_irqs In commit 6f8b12d661d0 ("net: napi: add hard irqs deferral feature") napi_defer_irqs was added to net_device and napi_defer_irqs_count was added to napi_struct, both as type int. This value never goes below zero, so there is not reason for it to be a signed int. Change the type for both from int to u32, and add an overflow check to sysfs to limit the value to S32_MAX. The limit of S32_MAX was chosen because the practical limit before this patch was S32_MAX (anything larger was an overflow) and thus there are no behavioral changes introduced. If the extra bit is needed in the future, the limit can be raised. Before this patch: $ sudo bash -c 'echo 2147483649 > /sys/class/net/eth4/napi_defer_hard_irqs' $ cat /sys/class/net/eth4/napi_defer_hard_irqs -2147483647 After this patch: $ sudo bash -c 'echo 2147483649 > /sys/class/net/eth4/napi_defer_hard_irqs' bash: line 0: echo: write error: Numerical result out of range Similarly, /sys/class/net/XXXXX/tx_queue_len is defined as unsigned: include/linux/netdevice.h: unsigned int tx_queue_len; And has an overflow check: dev_change_tx_queue_len(..., unsigned long new_len): if (new_len != (unsigned int)new_len) return -ERANGE;

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/mm/ident_map: Use gbpages only where full GB page should be mapped. When ident_pud_init() uses only GB pages to create identity maps, large ranges of addresses not actually requested can be included in the resulting table; a 4K request will map a full GB. This can include a lot of extra address space past that requested, including areas marked reserved by the BIOS. That allows processor speculation into reserved regions, that on UV systems can cause system halts. Only use GB pages when map creation requests include the full GB page of space. Fall back to using smaller 2M pages when only portions of a GB page are included in the request. No attempt is made to coalesce mapping requests. If a request requires a map entry at the 2M (pmd) level, subsequent mapping requests within the same 1G region will also be at the pmd level, even if adjacent or overlapping such requests could have been combined to map a full GB page. Existing usage starts with larger regions and then adds smaller regions, so this should not have any great consequence.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amd/display: Avoid overflow assignment in link_dp_cts sampling_rate is an uint8_t but is assigned an unsigned int, and thus it can overflow. As a result, sampling_rate is changed to uint32_t. Similarly, LINK_QUAL_PATTERN_SET has a size of 2 bits, and it should only be assigned to a value less or equal than 4. This fixes 2 INTEGER_OVERFLOW issues reported by Coverity.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: dax: fix overflowing extents beyond inode size when partially writing The dax_iomap_rw() does two things in each iteration: map written blocks and copy user data to blocks. If the process is killed by user(See signal handling in dax_iomap_iter()), the copied data will be returned and added on inode size, which means that the length of written extents may exceed the inode size, then fsck will fail. An example is given as: dd if=/dev/urandom of=file bs=4M count=1 dax_iomap_rw iomap_iter // round 1 ext4_iomap_begin ext4_iomap_alloc // allocate 0~2M extents(written flag) dax_iomap_iter // copy 2M data iomap_iter // round 2 iomap_iter_advance iter->pos += iter->processed // iter->pos = 2M ext4_iomap_begin ext4_iomap_alloc // allocate 2~4M extents(written flag) dax_iomap_iter fatal_signal_pending done = iter->pos - iocb->ki_pos // done = 2M ext4_handle_inode_extension ext4_update_inode_size // inode size = 2M fsck reports: Inode 13, i_size is 2097152, should be 4194304. Fix? Fix the problem by truncating extents if the written length is smaller than expected.